7. Khubatur Ramadhaan
اَلْحَمْدُلِلهِ الْمُلْكِ الْقَدِيْرِ الْوَاحِدِ الْفَاطِرِ
الْعَزيْزِ الشَّاهِدِ وَالصَّلاَةُ وَالسَّلاَمُ عَلٰى خَيْرِ خَلْقِهِ اَمَّا بَعْد فَأَعُوْذُ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ بِسْمِ اللهِ
الرَّحْمَانِ الرَّحِيْمِ
(1
1)
Surah Baqarah V. 183
O
believers, fasting is an obligation for you as it was an obligation upon those
before you so that you become righteous –
Fasting
was prescribed to the people of the book/Ahl Al-Kitab namely the Jews and Christians;
and now the Muslims were commanded to fast. Other religions also have fasting
as part of their tradition such as Buddhism. Fasting brings a state of
awareness in the servant that is normally present. So this aware brings piety
and righteous, this is one of the many benefits that fasting brings.
(2
.
184
[Fasting
for] a limited number of days. So whoever among you is ill or on a journey
[during them] - then an equal number of days [are to be made up]. And upon
those who are able [to fast, but with hardship] - a ransom [as substitute] of
feeding a poor person [each day]. And whoever volunteers excess - it is better
for him. But to fast is best for you, if you only knew
Ramadan is thirty or twenty nine days
and this depends on the sighting of the moon. This passage gives dispensation
for those who are travelling not to fast and make it up at a later date. As
well as those people who are ill or unable to fast because of health issues
that mean they cannot fast. Pay fidyah or substitute which is to feed the
poor two meals for sixty days, and if they pray for more then it is better.
Feeding the poor is one of the best actions one can do if they have the money.
1) خطبنا رسول الله
صلى الله عليه وسلم في آخر يوم من شعبان فقال : أيها الناس قد أظلكم شهر عظيم
مبارك ، شهر فيه ليلة خير من ألف شهر ، جعل الله صيامه فريضة ، وقيام ليله تطوعاً
، من تقرب فيه بخصلة من الخير كان كمن أدى فريضة فيما سواه ومن أدى فيه فريضة كان
كمن أدّى سبعين فريضة فيما سواه ، وهو شهر أوله رحمة وأوسطه مغفرة ، وآخره عتق من
النار
Hadeeth
1) Narrated Salman al-Farisi (ra)
Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said in a sermon which he delivered to them on the last day of Sha'ban, "O people, a great month, a blessed month, a month containing a night which is better than a thousand months has approached you people. Allah has appointed the observance of fasting during it as an obligatory duty, and the passing of its night in prayer as a voluntary practice. If someone draws near to Allah during it with some good act he will be like one who fulfils an obligatory duty in another month, and he who fulfils an obligatory duty in it will be like one who fulfils seventy obligatory duties in another month.”
It is the month of endurance and the reward of endurance is Paradise. It is the month of sharing with others, and a month in which the believer's provision is increased. If someone gives one who has been fasting something with which to break his fast it will provide forgiveness of his sins and save him from Hell, and he will have a reward equal to his without his reward being diminished in any respect." We remarked to Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) that not all of us have the means to give one who had been fasting something with which to break his fast. He replied, "Allah gives this reward to him who gives one who has been fasting some milk mixed with water, or a date, or a drink of water with which to break his fast. Anyone who gives a full meal to one who has been fasting will be given a drink from my tank (Hawd) by Allah and will not thirst till he enters Paradise. It is a month whose beginning is mercy, whose middle is forgiveness, and whose end is freedom from Hell. If anyone makes things easy for his slave during it, Allah will forgive him and free him from Hell." (Tirmidhi)
Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said in a sermon which he delivered to them on the last day of Sha'ban, "O people, a great month, a blessed month, a month containing a night which is better than a thousand months has approached you people. Allah has appointed the observance of fasting during it as an obligatory duty, and the passing of its night in prayer as a voluntary practice. If someone draws near to Allah during it with some good act he will be like one who fulfils an obligatory duty in another month, and he who fulfils an obligatory duty in it will be like one who fulfils seventy obligatory duties in another month.”
It is the month of endurance and the reward of endurance is Paradise. It is the month of sharing with others, and a month in which the believer's provision is increased. If someone gives one who has been fasting something with which to break his fast it will provide forgiveness of his sins and save him from Hell, and he will have a reward equal to his without his reward being diminished in any respect." We remarked to Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) that not all of us have the means to give one who had been fasting something with which to break his fast. He replied, "Allah gives this reward to him who gives one who has been fasting some milk mixed with water, or a date, or a drink of water with which to break his fast. Anyone who gives a full meal to one who has been fasting will be given a drink from my tank (Hawd) by Allah and will not thirst till he enters Paradise. It is a month whose beginning is mercy, whose middle is forgiveness, and whose end is freedom from Hell. If anyone makes things easy for his slave during it, Allah will forgive him and free him from Hell." (Tirmidhi)
2)" مَنْ
صَامَ رَمَضَانَ " . وَفِي حَدِيثِ قُتَيْبَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله
عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَنْ قَامَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا
غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَمَنْ قَامَ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ
إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ "
2) Whoever
fasts during Ramadan" and according to the Hadith of Qutaibah, the Prophet
(may Allah bestow peace and blessings upon him) said, "Whoever spends the
nights of Ramadan in prayer (Qiyam) out of faith and in the hope of reward, he
will be forgiven his previous sins, and whoever spends the night of power in
prayer out of faith and in the hope of reward, he will be forgiven his previous
sins."
This hadith explains the importance of
tarawaih prayer which is an emphasised sunnah, prayed in the nights of Ramadan.
As well as explaining the importance of the night of power/Lailat Al-Qadr which
is a night that is better than a thousand months. This is typically in the last
odd ten days of Ramadan, 21,23,25,27,29. The twenty seventh night is normally
earmarked as the night mentioned. Hadiths that mention that sins will be
forgiven are minor sins not major sins.
3) قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سَهْلٌ، أَنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ، بَابًا يُقَالُ
لَهُ الرَّيَّانُ يُقَالُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَيْنَ الصَّائِمُونَ هَلْ لَكُمْ
إِلَى الرَّيَّانِ مَنْ دَخَلَهُ لَمْ يَظْمَأْ أَبَدًا فَإِذَا دَخَلُوا أُغْلِقَ
عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ فِيهِ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُمْ
3)
In Paradise there is a gate called Ar-Rayyan, it will be said on the Day of
Resurrection: "Where are those who used to fast? Come and enter through
Ar-Rayyan!" whoever enters through it will never thirst again. Then when
they have entered it will be closed behind them, and no one but they will enter
through it.
Paradise has eight gates and depending
on peoples actions the specific door will call them. So if someone gives a lot
of charity then the door of charity will be open to him. If someone has fasted
frequently then the door of paradise for the fasters Ar-Rayyan will call them.
4)"إذا دخل العشر الأواخر من رمضان، أحيا الليلة، وأيقظ
أهله، وجد وشد المئزر
4)
When the last ten nights (of Ramadan) would begin, the Messenger of Allah (
) would keep awake at night (for prayer and devotion), awaken his
family and prepare himself to be more diligent in worship.
In
the last ten days the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bestow peace and blessings
upon him) worship would increase. This is an important reminder for us to
increase our worship because many peoples aspiration wanes towards the end of
the month. Paying Zakah in this month is better than other months as well as
paying extra charity. There are many things you can do like reading the Quran,
helping people, giving extra charity, reading salawat, praying for the Muslims,
helping parents and so forth.
2 Part
Khutbatur Ramadhaan .8
اَحْمَدُ اللهِ حَمْدَالذَاكِرِيْنَ الشَّاكِرِيْنَ
الصَّابِرِيْنَ الظَّافِرِيْنَ وَاَشْكَرُهُ شُكْرًا كَثِيْرًا عَلٰى
نِعْمَةِالْاِسْلَامِ وَالْاِيْمَانِ وَاَشْهَدُ اَنْ لَا اِلٰهَ اِلَّا اللهُ
وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيْكَ لَهُ وَاَشْهَدُ اَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُوْلُهُ وَ
وَاحِبُ الْاِيْمَنُ بِهِ عَلٰى الْأَوَّلِيْنّ وَالْاَخِرِيْنَوَبَارِكْ وَ صَلِّ
وَسَلِّمْ عَلٰى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلٰى اٰلِهِ وَ صَحْبِهِ
وَالتَّابِعِيْنَ اِلٰى يَوْمِ الْحِسَابِ
اَمَّا بَعْدُ فَأَعُوْذُ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَانِ الرَّحِيْمِ
(1
1) Surah Baqarah V.
185
The month of
Ramadhan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for the people
and clear proofs of guidance and criterion. So whoever sights [the new moon of]
the month, let him fast it; and whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal
number of other days. Allah intends for you ease and does not intend for you
hardship and [wants] for you to complete the period and to glorify Allah for
that [to] which He has guided you; and perhaps you will be grateful.
This month is honored
that the Quran was reveled in it. Thus this is the month that Quran is recited
the most. People who read the Quran must read it correctly using the Arabic pronunciation
and not the urdu. So please correct your recitation from major errors. Read the
quran and reflect on the meanings. This passage also states the importance
sighting the moon and not relying on calculations. Again dispensation is given
for those who are ill or travelling to make up the fasts. This also follows the
principle of making up fasts or any fard action, from this verse. As well as
making the religion easy and not difficult. Women who are on their menses make
up the time later. Ramadan is a great opportunity for us to attain great acts
of worship and reward in a short space of time.
(2
2)
Surah Baqarah – ayah 196
And complete the Hajj and 'umrah for Allah . But if you are prevented,
then [offer] what can be obtained with ease of sacrificial animals. And do not
shave your heads until the sacrificial animal has reached its place of
slaughter. And whoever among you is ill or has an ailment of the head [making
shaving necessary must offer] a ransom of fasting [three days] or charity or
sacrifice. And when you are secure, then whoever performs 'umrah [during the
Hajj months] followed by Hajj [offers] what can be obtained with ease of
sacrificial animals. And whoever cannot find [or afford such an animal] - then
a fast of three days during Hajj and of seven when you have returned [home].
Those are ten complete [days]. This is for those whose family is not in the
area of al-Masjid al-Haram. And fear Allah and know that Allah is severe in
penalty.
This passage explains the sacrifice to be done
for those who can afford it in the ‘Eid of Al-Addah.
(3
3) Surah Baqarah V.
203
And remember Allah
during [specific] numbered days. Then whoever hastens [his departure] in two
days - there is no sin upon him; and whoever delays [until the third] - there
is no sin upon him - for him who fears Allah . And fear Allah and know that
unto Him you will be gathered.
These days are the three days after hajj known
as Ayam Al-Tashriq.
(4
4) Surah Qadr V. 1
Indeed, We sent it
down during the Night of Decree.
What was it that was
sent down? The great Quran was sent in this noble month and the events of the
first revelation began. The Quran was revealed in twenty three years piecemeal
so the companions could practice it.
(5
5) Surah Mujadila V.5
And he who does not find [a slave] - then a fast for two months
consecutively before they touch one another; and he who is unable - then the
feeding of sixty poor persons. That is for you to believe [completely] in Allah
and His Messenger; and those are the limits [set by] Allah . And for the
disbelievers is a painful punishment.
This passage explains the
person who cannot fast pays for food for two meals for the poor. This first
part is explaining of Al-Zihaar.
(6
6) Surah Maida V.89
Allah will not
impose blame upon you for what is meaningless in your oaths, but He will impose
blame upon you for [breaking] what you intended of oaths. So its expiation is
the feeding of ten needy people from the average of that which you feed your
[own] families or clothing them or the freeing of a slave. But whoever cannot
find [or afford it] - then a fast of three days [is required]. That is the
expiation for oaths when you have sworn. But guard your oaths. Thus does Allah
make clear to you His verses that you may be grateful.
This passage explains that one those who make definite oaths
have to make expiation.
1) إِذَا
كَانَ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ صُفِّدَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَمَرَدَةُ
الْجِنِّ وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النَّارِ فَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ.
وَفُتِّحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ فَلَمْ يُغْلَقْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَيُنَادِي
مُنَادٍ يَا بَاغِيَ الْخَيْرِ أَقْبِلْ وَيَا بَاغِيَ الشَّرِّ أَقْصِرْ
وَلِلَّهِ عُتَقَاءُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَذَلِكَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ
1) The Messenger
of Allah (may Allah bestow peace and blessings upon him) said: "On the
first night of the month of Ramadan, the Shayatin are shackled, the jinns are
restrained, the gates of the Fires are shut such that no gate among them would
be opened. The gates of Paradise are opened such that no gate among them would
be closed, and a caller calls: 'O seeker of the good; come near!' and 'O seeker
of evil; stop! For there are those whom Allah frees from the Fire.' And that is
every night." (Hasan)
When the month begins the satans are chained up. This gives
every believer no excuse in doing good actions. He may blame satan for his
laziness before but he has no excuse now. This is our great opportunity to do
good and if we are unable to do that then refraining from evil action itself is
a great action.
2) قَالَ
رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَقَامَهُ
إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَمَنْ قَامَ
لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ
ذَنْبِهِ ”
2) the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bestow peace and blessings upon
him) said: “Whoever fasts Ramadan and stands (in the night prayer) for it out
of faith and seeking a reward (from Allah), he will be forgiven what preceded
of his sins. Whoever stands (in the night prayer) on the Night of Al-Qadr out
of faith and seeking a reward (from Allah), he will be forgiven what preceded
of his sins.”
We have explained this previously.
3) قَالَ
رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " مَنْ وَجَدَ تَمْرًا فَلْيُفْطِرْ
عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ لاَ فَلْيُفْطِرْ عَلَى مَاءٍ فَإِنَّ الْمَاءَ طَهُورٌ "
3) The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bestow
peace and blessings upon him) said: "Whoever has dried dates, then let him
break the fast with that, and whoever does not, then let him break the fast
with water, for indeed water is purifying."
Dates and water are the two things one
should break his fast with. Then if they are not available then any type of
halal food. Then one should pray then eat a meal afterwards. The dates prepare
the stomach for the oncoming onslaught of food coming!
" كُلُوا
وَاشْرَبُوا وَلاَ يَهِيدَنَّكُمُ السَّاطِعُ الْمُصْعِدُ وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا
حَتَّى يَعْتَرِضَ لَكُمُ الأَحْمَرُ "(4
4) he (may Allah bestow peace and blessings
upon him) said,"Eat and drink, and do not be disturbed by the rising glow,
eat and drink until the redness appears to you on the horizon."
This hadith explains that one can partake in
the predawn meal until the time of fajr enters.
" مَنْ لَمْ يَدَعْ
قَوْلَ الزُّورِ وَالْعَمَلَ بِهِ فَلَيْسَ لِلَّهِ حَاجَةٌ بِأَنْ يَدَعَ
طَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ "
(5
5)
he (may Allah bestow peace and blessings upon
him) said, "Whoever does not leave false speech, and acting according to
it, then Allah is not in any need of him leaving his food and his drink."
Fasting is not just about refraining from
food and so on, its about being in a state of refraining from sin. You do that
by staying away from sin and repenting if they occur. This is the month that
you can achieve your potential of worship.
6)عَنْ أَبِي
هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ أَوْصَانِي خَلِيلِي صلى الله عليه وسلم
بِثَلاَثٍ صِيَامِ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، وَرَكْعَتَىِ الضُّحَى،
وَأَنْ أُوتِرَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَنَامَ
6) My beloved friend (the Prophet) advised me to observe
three things: (1) to fast three days a month; (2) to pray two rak`at of Duha
prayer (forenoon prayer); and (3) to pray witr before sleeping.
(7
أَفْضَلُ
الصَّلاَةِ بَعْدَ الصَّلاَةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ الصَّلاَةُ فِي جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ
وَأَفْضَلُ الصِّيَامِ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ صِيَامُ شَهْرِ اللَّهِ
الْمُحَرَّمِ
7) He (may Allah
bestow peace and blessings upon him) said, Prayer offered in the middle of the night and the most
excellent fast after (fasting) in the month of Ramadan is the fast in God's
month al-Muharram.
(8
أَفْضَلُ
الصَّوْمِ صَوْمُ أَخِي دَاوُدَ كَانَ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا وَلاَ
يَفِرُّ إِذَا لاَقَى
8) The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bestow peace and blessings upon him) said: "The most virtuous fast is
the fast of my brother Dawud. He would fast a day, and not fast (the next) day.
He would not flee at the time of engagement (with the enemy)."
The
fast of Dawud (upon him peace) is very difficult for most people. Though one
should not fast day after day, this will have a negative affect on his health.
The blessed Prophet (may Allah bestow peace and blessings upon him) could fast
perpetually but this does not apply to us. Because he (peace and blessings upon
him) was given food and drink by Allah (the Exalted) without having the means
of eating. This is one of things that makes his being different to ours.
مَنْ
صَامَ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ فَقَدْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ (9
9) He (may Allah
bestow peace and blessings upon him) said, “Whoever fasts for three days of each
month, he has fasted for a whole lifetime.”
This is the sunnah desired fast of three days
of the mouth when the moon is at its strongest. Know that one good action of
the Muslim is worth ten of those communities before us. So three days a month
equals to a whole year. Though this can be achieved by fasting Ramadan and six
days in shawwal, afterwards.
لَا صَامَ مَنْ صَامَ اَلْأَبَدَ (10
10) He (may Allah
bestow peace and blessings upon him) said, May he, who perpetually fasts
(without a break) has no fast.
This, as we have stated before, is for he who
fasts all time. It is a warning not to fast perpetually as it will harm
someone’s health.
(11
عَنْ
عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ، قَالَ قُلْتُ لِعَائِشَةَ - رضى الله عنها - أَكَانَ
رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَصُومُ شَهْرًا كُلَّهُ قَالَتْ مَا
عَلِمْتُهُ صَامَ شَهْرًا كُلَّهُ إِلاَّ رَمَضَانَ وَلاَ أَفْطَرَهُ كُلَّهُ
حَتَّى يَصُومَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى مَضَى لِسَبِيلِهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
11) I said to 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her): Did the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) observe fast during a month? She
said, I do not know of any month in which he fasted throughout except Ramadan
and (the month) in which he did not fast at all till he ran the course of his
life. May peace be upon him.
The
blessed Prophet (may Allah bestow peace and blessings upon him) would not fast
all the time out of compassion for his nation that they do not do the same. It
would be easy for the awliyah but hard for anyone else.
